Embedded Files
"Estimated 1031 phages on Earth - more than every other organism combined"Hendrix, R. W. et al. (1999). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 2192–2197
"If these phages were laid end to end, they would span the milky way 50-times over" - Fogg, PCM
"1024 successful phage infections per second - lysing up to forty per cent of all bacterial cells in the ocean every day" - Mushegian, A. R. (2020). J. Bacteriol. 202
"If these phages were laid end to end, they would span the milky way 50-times over" - Fogg, PCM
"1024 successful phage infections per second - lysing up to forty per cent of all bacterial cells in the ocean every day" - Mushegian, A. R. (2020). J. Bacteriol. 202
Selected References
Selected References
Bardy P, Nguyen PM, Liu Y, Craske MW, Read N, Davies RM, Turkenburg JP, Hart SJ, Antson AA, Fogg PCM. The mechanism of biofilm degradation by a detachable tailspike of gene transfer agents. (2026) bioRxiv [Preprint, under review Nature Communications], Jul 20:2026.07.19.739414.
Borodovich T, Buttimer C, Wilson JS, Bardy P, Smith M, Hill C, Khokhlova EV, Harte M, Govi B, Fogg PCM, Hill C, Shkoporov AN. Large-scale capsid-mediated mobilisation of bacterial genomic DNA in the gut microbiome. (2026) Nat Commun); 17:2046
Bardy P, MacDonald CIW, Kirchberger PC, Jenkins HT, Botka T, Byrom L, Alim NTB, Traore DAK, Koenig HC, Nicholas TR, Chechik M, Hart SJ, Turkenburg JP, Blaza JN, Beatty JT, Fogg PCM, Antson AA.. Penton blooming, a conserved mechanism of genome delivery used by disparate microviruses. (2025) MBio. Apr 9;16(4):e0371324.
Craske MW, Wilson JS, Fogg PCM. Gene transfer agents: structural and functional properties of domesticated viruses. (2024) Trends Microbiol. Dec;32(12):1200–11.
Bárdy P, MacDonald CIW, Pantůček R, Antson AA, Fogg PCM. Jorvik: A membrane-containing phage that will likely found a new family within Vinavirales. (2023) iScience. 17;26(11):108104.
Sherlock, D. and P.C.M. Fogg. The archetypal gene transfer agent RcGTA is regulated via direct interaction with the enigmatic RNA polymerase omega subunit. (2022) Cell Rep. 9;40(6):111183.
Fogg, P.C.M. Identification and Characterization of a Direct Activator of a Gene Transfer Agent. (2019) Nat. Commun. 10: 595
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